Project Results

End result: a new genus and three new species! Cheers everyone

About This Project

Trematodes are a highly diverse group of parasitic flatworms with complex multi-host life-cycles. I’ve collected trematode specimens from the Great Barrier Reef, which are awaiting scientific descriptions and names. Of these specimens, a peculiar form was recovered from the unicorn fish Naso unicornis.

Ask the Scientists

What is the context of this research?

The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world, and supports the greatest biodiversity of marine fishes in Australian waters. This reef further supports a diverse and fascinating parasite fauna. Although great effort has gone into the task of discovering and describing the trematodes of the Great Barrier Reef over the last century, the diversity of the small digenean family Haplosplanchnidae still remains poorly known (Cribb et al. 2014).

I’ve collected many undescribed species of the Haplosplanchnid genus Schikhobalotrema from Acanthurid fishes, with a fairly distinctive species originating from the unicorn fish Naso unicornis. It is clear that this unicorn fish parasite represents a new species, which I am preparing to name with a formal scientific description.

What is the significance of this project?

Parasitism is among the most successful modes of life, reflected in the sheer abundance and biodiversity of parasitic species. Parasite-host interaction, the so called “arms race”, is an important driver of evolution. Trematodes interact with multiple species across varied taxa during the course of their complex life-cycles. Knowledge of trematodes helps us understand trophic interspecies interactions, disease ecology, and abstract evolutionary concepts such as trophic tracking, life-cycle evolution, and host-parasite co-evolution. This study seeks to begin a systematic characterization of the Haplosplanchnidae fauna of the Great Barrier Reef, while concurrently producing the molecular data which will allow for a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of the digenea.

What are the goals of the project?

The main goal of this project is to produce a morphological and molecular characterization of a new species of digenetic trematode of the family Haplosplancnidae. This characterization will be written up and published as a formal scientific species description in a peer reviewed scientific journal. However, the utility of the data produced during this project does not end with the publication of the species description. The molecular sequence data generated during the course of this study will be archived on GenBank where anyone will be able to access the data and use it for phylogenetic comparisons across taxa. This study will be the first in a planned series of taxonomic investigations into the family Haplosplanchnidae on the Great Barrier Reef.