Jason Preble

Jason Preble

Nov 02, 2019

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リュウキュウテングコウモリ!More on the Ryukyu tube-nosed bat

With only five coming on four days left, we’re coming towards the finish line with 75% of funds raised! I hope we get there, because we’re so close! Couldn’t have gotten this far without you all. 

Today I’d like to talk about a few more clues as to the life and diet of the Ryukyu tube-nosed bat, one of my main study species, and the one I have the most feces samples from. This bat weighs only 7-11 grams (1 gram is about the weight of a paperclip or 1 yen coin), but is very feisty in the hand. They have the personality of cute little demons, and I think that their Japanese name (Ryukyu tengu bat) is quite fitting, given that tengu are long-nosed, hairy, flying demons.  

残り5日間もうすぐ4日間しか残ってなく、目的資金の75%を集められ、フィニッシュに近づいています!おしいです!ここまで皆さんのご協力をいただきどうもありがとうございます。

今日は、主な対象種で一番糞サンプルがあるリュウキュウテングコウモリの生態や食性に関するヒントについてもっと話したいと思います。このコウモリは体重7〜11グラム(1グラムは約1円玉の重さ)しかないのに、手で持つとすごく元気です。チビな鬼の生活を持ち、鼻が長くて毛が多くてよく飛べるから、リュウキュウテングコウモリの和名はふさわしいと思います。

A statue of a tengu complete with nose and wings. 長い鼻と翼を持っている天狗の像👺

The Ryukyu tube-nosed bat, Murina ryukyuana, is a member of the subfamily Murininae, the tube-nosed bats. In general, tube-nosed bats are adapted to flying in dense forests and are known as “gleaners,” as they like to pick insects off of surfaces. Some close relatives are known to pick insects off of the ground as well, and I suspect that the Ryukyu tube-nosed bat does this too. Like its relatives, the Ryukyu tube-nosed bat also has strong jaw muscles, indicating that it can nom on even the crunchiest insects, such as beetles. 

リュウキュウテングコウモリ(学名:Murina ryukyuana)はテングコウモリ亜科の1種です。一般的には、テングコウモリ亜科のメンバーは密な森でも飛べられるように進化してきて、昆虫を表面から獲ることから、専門用語では「gleaners」と呼ばれます。近縁種は地面からも昆虫を捕まえることがわかっていて、リュウキュウテングコウモリもこの行為をすると思っています。近縁種と似ていて、リュウキュウテングコウモリも強い顎の筋肉を持っているため、硬いカメムシなどでも食べられると考えられます。

See those fat jaw muscles?太い顎の筋肉を見えますか?

Like many bat photos, this one is posed, but perhaps Ryukyu tube-nosed bats also forage on the ground? 多くのコウモリ写真の様に、この写真はポーズされているが、リュウキュウテングコウモリも地面にも採餌するのかしら?

Another interesting characteristic of the tube-nosed bats, is that they have very soft echolocation. Even just after we release a Ryukyu tube-nosed bat, it’s echolocation quickly becomes undetectable, especially if the bat looks away from us.  Bats with this type of echolocation are often called “whisperers”. It is thought that whispering reduces the likelihood of prey hearing the bat, and also that whisperers might rely more heavily on sounds produced by the prey itself. A quiet tube-nosed bat may perhaps be more likely to hear a bug rustling in the leaf litter, for example. 

テングコウモリ亜科のあと一つの面白い特徴は、音量が小さい「エコーロケーション」を発することです。「エコーロケーション」はコウモリやイルカが利用するソナーのような鳴き声です。リュウキュウテングコウモリの個体を逃したすぐ後でも、特に録音装置から逆向に飛んで逃げましたら、エコーロケーションはすぐ探知できなくなります。このようなコウモリは専門用語で「whisperers」とよく呼ばれます。ささやいているようなエコーロケーションは、獲物がコウモリを聞く機会を減らすと考えられ、whispererのコウモリは獲物自体によって生成される音により依存すると考えられています。例えば、リュウキュウテングコウモリは静かでしたら、落ちている枯葉でカサカサ動いている昆虫を聞こえる可能性が高くなると考えられます。

You can see this bat's mouth open, but it's not smiling or trying to bite, it's echolocating to check its surroundings before flying off. このコウモリの口が開いているのことを見えますが、笑ったり噛んだりすることではなく、飛ぶ前に環境を調べるために口からエコーロケーションを発しています。


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About This Project

JP / EN

The Ryukyu tube-nosed bat and Yanbaru whiskered bat are two endangered bats that only exist in the remaining forests of three islands in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. However, we don't know enough about these bats to design conservation strategies for them. I will extract and analyze the DNA from 50 previously collected bat poop samples from Okinawa. The DNA will tell us what the bats are eating, which in turn will tell us where they are eating, and therefore where to protect.

Blast off!

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